Viant Technology Announces Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Financial Results

IRVINE, Calif.--( BUSINESS WIRE)--Viant Technology Inc. (Nasdaq: DSP), a leader in AI-powered programmatic advertising, today reported financial results for its fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025.

“Viant delivered record fourth quarter and full year results, with revenue, contribution ex-TAC and adjusted EBITDA surpassing the high end of our guidance for the quarter,” said Tim Vanderhook, Co-Founder and CEO, Viant. “Looking forward, we see an unprecedented opportunity to accelerate top and bottom-line growth, led by the recent launch of Outcomes, our fully autonomous AI Decisioning advertising solution. Outcomes is built for the open internet and is uniquely capable of leveraging our industry-leading addressability solutions and proprietary datasets to autonomously plan, build and execute campaigns designed to yield an optimal outcome. With this launch, we have further expanded our total addressable market to include performance budgets across advertisers of all sizes. We believe our go-to-market offering is stronger than ever, putting Viant in position to capitalize on the secular growth opportunities that exist across our strategic priorities: CTV, Addressability and ViantAI.”

Fourth quarter and full year 2025 Financial Highlights, year-over-year (in thousands, except percentages and per share data):

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

Change (%)

2025

2024

Change (%)

(NM = Not Meaningful)

GAAP

Revenue

110,124

90,054

344,201

289,235

Gross profit

51,301

42,490

157,585

132,071

Net income

20,463

7,720

165

24,096

12,452

Net income as a percentage of gross profit

Net income attributable to Viant Technology Inc.

8,256

1,747

373

8,352

2,362

254

Earnings per share of Class A common stock—basic

0.49

0.11

345

0.51

0.15

240

Earnings per share of Class A common stock—diluted

0.31

0.10

210

0.36

0.14

157

Class A and Class B common shares outstanding (as of December 31)

63,310

Cash and cash equivalents (as of December 31)

191,151

Non-GAAP (2)

Contribution ex-TAC

64,560

54,359

208,652

177,390

Adjusted EBITDA

24,711

17,091

57,424

44,441

Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC

Non-GAAP net income

18,985

13,831

41,096

34,661

Non-GAAP earnings per share of Class A common stock—basic

0.23

0.17

0.50

0.41

Non-GAAP earnings per share of Class A common stock—diluted

0.22

0.15

0.45

0.39

Recent Business Highlights:

“We concluded a record setting year with exceptional fourth quarter performance and strong momentum as we enter 2026,” stated Larry Madden, CFO of Viant. “During the fourth quarter, contribution ex-TAC growth accelerated to 19%, despite a difficult comparison with elevated political advertising in the prior year which weighed on contribution ex-TAC growth by 500 basis points. Adjusted EBITDA increased 45% year-over-year, demonstrating the high level of profitable flow-through inherent in our model. We expect to deliver another record-breaking year in 2026. Fueled by marquee client wins like Molson Coors and WHOOP, among others, we expect to accelerate top-line growth in each quarter throughout 2026, while delivering consistent year-over-year Adjusted EBITDA margin expansion.”

Guidance:

For the first quarter 2026, the Company expects:

Contribution ex-TAC, non-GAAP operating expenses, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC, non-GAAP net income, and non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted are non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for, the information provided in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to Viant’s financial results as determined in accordance with GAAP are included at the end of this press release under “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” For a description of these non-GAAP financial measures, including the reasons management uses each measure, please see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this press release. We are not able to estimate gross profit, total operating expenses or net income (loss) on a forward-looking basis or reconcile the guidance provided for contribution ex-TAC, non-GAAP operating expenses, or adjusted EBITDA to the closest corresponding GAAP financial measures on a forward-looking basis without unreasonable efforts due to the variability and complexity with respect to the charges excluded from these non-GAAP financial measures; in particular, the impact of future traffic acquisition costs and other platform operations expenses, as well as the measures and effects of our stock-based compensation related to equity grants that are directly impacted by unpredictable fluctuations in our share price and the potential forfeitures of equity grants. We expect the variability of the above charges could have a significant and potentially unpredictable impact on our future GAAP financial results.

(1)

We define advertiser spend as the total amount billed to our customers for activity on our platform inclusive of the costs of advertising media, third-party data, other add-on features and our platform fee we charge customers.

(2)

For a discussion on how we define, use and calculate these non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation thereof to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” and the supplementary schedules under “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this press release.

Supplemental Financial and Other Information:

Supplemental financial and other information can be accessed through Viant’s investor relations website at investors.viantinc.com.

As of December 31, 2025, there were 17.6 million shares of the Company's Class A common stock outstanding and 45.7 million shares of the Company's Class B common stock outstanding. For more information, please refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K expected to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on March 11, 2026.

Conference Call and Webcast Details:

Viant will host a conference call and webcast to discuss its financial results on Monday, March 11, 2026 at 2:00 p.m. Pacific Time (5:00 p.m. Eastern Time). A live webcast of the call can be accessed from Viant’s Investor Relations website. An archived version of the webcast will be available from the same website after the call. Viant Technology has used, and intends to continue to use, the “Investor Relations” section of its website at investors.viantinc.com, its LinkedIn account, the LinkedIn account of its Chief Executive Officer, Tim Vanderhook, the LinkedIn account of its Chief Operating Officer, Chris Vanderhook, its X (formerly known as Twitter) account (@viant_tech), and Chris Vanderhook's X account (@cvanderhook) to post information that may be important to investors. Investors and potential investors are encouraged to consult Viant Technology’s website and the foregoing LinkedIn and X accounts regularly for important information.

About Viant

Viant Technology Inc. (NASDAQ: DSP) is an exclusively buy-side advertising platform powered by artificial intelligence and designed to drive performance across the open internet. Our omnichannel platform purpose-built for CTV turns data and intelligence into scalable, measurable performance for advertisers. With the launch of ViantAI and Outcomes, Viant has been at the forefront of AI innovation in advertising, building the future of fully autonomous solutions. Viant has been recognized for excellence in AI by Adweek, the Business Intelligence Group and MarTech Breakthrough, and is Great Place to Work® certified. Learn more at viantinc.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, any statement that may predict, forecast, indicate or imply future results, performance or achievements, and may contain words such as “guidance,” “believe,” “expect,” “estimate,” "commit," "ensure," "target," “project,” “plan,” “will,” or words or phrases with similar meaning.

Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by, which such performance or results will be achieved, if at all. Forward-looking statements contained in this press release relate to, among other things, Viant’s projected financial performance and operating results, including our guidance for revenue, contribution ex-TAC, non-GAAP operating expenses, and adjusted EBITDA, as well as statements regarding Viant’s growth prospects and drivers, strategic priorities, new brand partnerships and related pipeline, total addressable market expansion, and impacts from the ViantAI product suite and other offerings. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, forecasts and assumptions that involve risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the market for programmatic advertising may develop slower or differently than Viant’s expectations, the demands and expectations of customers, the ability to attract and retain customers, the impact of information and data privacy trends and regulations on our business and competitors, risks related to the use of artificial intelligence technologies, and other economic, competitive, governmental and technological factors outside of our control, that may cause our business, strategy or actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Investors are referred to our filings with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 expected to be filed on March 11, 2026 and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other filings, for additional information regarding the risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. We do not intend and undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by applicable law.

VIANT TECHNOLOGY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Revenue

110,124

90,054

344,201

289,235

Operating expenses (1):

Platform operations

58,823

47,564

186,616

157,164

Sales and marketing

18,348

14,756

64,801

53,750

Technology and development

8,229

7,062

30,534

23,740

General and administrative

12,030

14,769

50,172

51,103

Total operating expenses

97,430

84,151

332,123

285,757

Income from operations

12,694

5,903

12,078

3,478

Other expense (income), net:

Interest income, net

(1,428

)

(2,088

)

(6,099

)

(9,235

)

Other expense

TRA remeasurement expense

10,565

—

10,890

—

Employee retention credit

(2,845

)

—

(2,845

)

—

Total other expense (income), net

6,293

(2,080

)

1,947

(9,223

)

Income before income taxes

6,401

7,983

10,131

12,701

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

(14,062

)

263

(13,965

)

249

Net income

20,463

7,720

24,096

12,452

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

12,207

5,973

15,744

10,090

Net income attributable to Viant Technology Inc.

8,256

1,747

8,352

2,362

Earnings (loss) per Class A common stock:

Basic

0.49

0.11

0.51

0.15

Diluted

0.31

0.10

0.36

0.14

Weighted-average Class A common stock outstanding:

Basic

16,919

16,166

16,422

16,221

Diluted

65,056

21,633

66,976

20,466

(1)

Stock-based compensation and depreciation and amortization included in operating expenses are as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Stock-based compensation:

Platform operations

1,034

601

3,948

2,114

Sales and marketing

1,771

1,164

6,860

4,238

Technology and development

1,094

873

3,980

2,717

General and administrative

2,532

3,090

10,052

11,965

Total stock-based compensation

6,431

5,728

24,840

21,034

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Depreciation and amortization:

Platform operations

3,838

3,402

14,844

13,842

Sales and marketing

—

319

—

Technology and development

993

456

3,173

1,759

General and administrative

252

366

860

Total depreciation and amortization

5,012

4,110

18,702

16,461

VIANT TECHNOLOGY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited; in thousands, except share and per share data)

As of December 31,

2025

2024

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

191,151

205,048

Accounts receivable, net of allowances

177,139

146,951

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

7,902

10,490

Total current assets

376,192

362,489

Property, equipment, and software, net

35,069

31,482

Operating lease assets, net

19,689

23,663

Intangible assets, net

2,899

3,048

Goodwill

19,190

Deferred tax assets

17,524

—

Other assets

4,100

932

Total assets

474,663

440,804

Liabilities and stockholders' equity

Liabilities

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable

83,520

71,320

Accrued liabilities

50,828

47,352

Accrued compensation

12,988

11,513

Deferred revenue

583

581

Current portion of operating lease liabilities

5,080

4,730

Other current liabilities

4,036

9,955

Total current liabilities

157,035

145,451

Long-term debt

—

Long-term portion of operating lease liabilities

16,668

21,278

Long-term portion of TRA liability

12,159

—

Total liabilities

185,862

166,729

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders’ equity

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value

—

Authorized shares — 10,000,000

Issued and outstanding — none

Class A common stock, $0.001 par value

Authorized shares — 450,000,000

Issued — 18,271,293 and 17,933,825

Outstanding — 17,593,198 and 16,368,452

Class B common stock, $0.001 par value

Authorized shares — 150,000,000

Issued and outstanding — 45,717,216 and 46,753,841

Additional paid-in capital

182,744

125,386

Accumulated deficit

(91,751

)

(50,566

)

Treasury stock, at cost; 678,095 and 1,565,373 shares held

(8,920

)

(21,046

)

Total stockholders' equity attributable to Viant Technology Inc.

82,137

53,839

Noncontrolling interests

206,664

220,236

Total equity

288,801

274,075

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

474,663

440,804

VIANT TECHNOLOGY INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited; in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,

2025

2024

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income

24,096

12,452

Adjustments to reconcile income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization

18,702

16,461

Stock-based compensation

24,840

21,034

Provision for doubtful accounts

622

1,420

Loss on disposal of assets

Noncash lease expense

4,207

4,019

Deferred taxes

(14,685

)

—

TRA remeasurement expense

10,890

—

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable

(30,812

)

(30,233

)

Prepaid expenses and other assets

2,920

(3,904

)

Accounts payable

12,158

23,792

Accrued liabilities

3,560

7,875

Accrued compensation

1,613

939

Deferred revenue

161

Operating lease liabilities

(4,493

)

(4,114

)

Other liabilities

(1,107

)

1,840

Net cash provided by operating activities

52,607

51,767

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchases of property and equipment

(926

)

(2,498

)

Capitalized software development costs

(17,367

)

(15,246

)

Cash paid for acquisitions

(549

)

(10,000

)

Cash paid for investments

(3,500

)

—

Net cash used in investing activities

(22,342

)

(27,744

)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Repurchase of stock related to tax withholdings on vested equity awards

(3,232

)

(10,658

)

Repurchase of stock related to the stock repurchase program

(38,090

)

(21,570

)

Payment of member tax distributions

(6,606

)

(5,953

)

Proceeds from the exercise of stock options

3,766

3,074

Payment of offering costs

—

(326

)

Net cash used in financing activities

(44,162

)

(35,433

)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

(13,897

)

(11,410

)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

205,048

216,458

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

191,151

205,048

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To provide investors and others with additional information regarding Viant’s results, we have included in this press release the following financial measures that are not calculated in accordance with GAAP: contribution ex-TAC, non-GAAP operating expenses, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC, non-GAAP net income (loss) and non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted. The Company’s management believes that this information can assist investors in evaluating the Company’s operational trends, financial performance, and cash generating capacity. Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures allow investors to evaluate the Company’s financial performance using some of the same measures as management.

Contribution ex-TAC is a non-GAAP financial measure. Gross profit is the most comparable GAAP financial measure, which is calculated as revenue less platform operations expense. In calculating contribution ex-TAC, we add back other platform operations expense to gross profit. Contribution ex-TAC is a key profitability measure used by our management and board of directors to understand and evaluate our operating performance and trends, develop short- and long-term operational plans and make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of capital. “Traffic acquisition costs” or “TAC” represents amounts incurred and payable to suppliers for the cost of advertising media, third-party data and other add-on features related to our fixed cost per mille pricing option and certain arrangements related to our percentage of spend pricing option. In particular, we believe that contribution ex-TAC can provide a measure of period-to-period comparisons for all pricing options within our business. Accordingly, we believe that this measure provides information to investors and the market in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

Non-GAAP operating expenses is a non-GAAP financial measure. Total operating expenses is the most comparable GAAP financial measure. Non-GAAP operating expenses is defined by us as total operating expenses plus other expense (income), net, less TAC, stock-based compensation, depreciation, amortization, and certain other items that are not related to our core operations, such as restructuring and other charges, transaction expense and non-operational media purchases. Non-GAAP operating expenses is a key component in calculating adjusted EBITDA, which is one of the measures we use to provide our business outlook to the investment community. Additionally, non-GAAP operating expenses is used by our management and board of directors to understand and evaluate our operating performance and trends, to prepare and approve our annual budget and to develop short- and long-term operational plans. We believe that the elimination of TAC, stock-based compensation, depreciation, amortization and certain other items not related to our core operations provides another measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business, provides additional insight into our core controllable costs, and is a useful metric for investors because it allows them to evaluate our operational performance in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure defined by us as net income (loss) before interest expense (income), net, income tax benefit (expense), depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation and certain other items that are not related to our core operations, such as restructuring and other charges, transaction expense, non-operational media purchases, Tax Receivable Agreement (the "TRA") remeasurement expense, and employee retention credit. Net income (loss) is the most comparable GAAP financial measure. Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC is a non-GAAP financial measure we calculate by dividing adjusted EBITDA by contribution ex-TAC for the period or periods presented. Net income (loss) as a percentage of gross profit is the most comparable GAAP financial measure.

Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC are used by our management and board of directors to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, to prepare and approve our annual budget and to develop short- and long-term operational plans. In particular, we believe that the exclusion of the amounts eliminated in calculating adjusted EBITDA can provide a measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business. Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC, a non-GAAP financial measure, is used by our management and board of directors to evaluate adjusted EBITDA relative to our profitability after costs that are directly variable to revenues, which comprise TAC. Accordingly, we believe that adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC provide information to investors and the market in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

Non-GAAP net income (loss) is a non-GAAP financial measure defined by us as net income (loss) adjusted to eliminate the impact of stock-based compensation and certain other items that are not related to our core operations, such as restructuring and other charges, transaction expense, non-operational media purchases, TRA remeasurement expense, income tax benefit resulting from the release of the valuation allowance and employee retention credit, as well as the income tax effect of these adjustments. Net income (loss) is the most comparable GAAP financial measure. Non-GAAP net income (loss) is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of capital. In particular, we believe that the elimination of stock-based compensation and certain other items that are not related to our core operations provides measures for period-to-period comparisons of our business and additional insight into our core controllable costs. Accordingly, we believe that non-GAAP net income (loss) provides information to investors and the market generally in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

Non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted is a non-GAAP financial measure defined by us as earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted, adjusted to eliminate the impact of stock-based compensation and certain other items that are not related to our core operations, such as restructuring and other charges, transaction expense, non-operational media purchases, TRA remeasurement expense, income tax benefit resulting from the release of the valuation allowance and employee retention credit, as well as the income tax effect of these adjustments. Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted is the most comparable GAAP financial measure. Non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted is used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of capital. In particular, we believe that the elimination of stock-based compensation and certain other items that are not related to our core operations provides measures for period-to-period comparisons of our business and provides additional insight into our core controllable costs. Accordingly, we believe that non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted provides information to investors and the market generally that aids in the understanding and evaluation of our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

Basic non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock is calculated by dividing the non-GAAP net income (loss) attributable to Class A common stockholders by the number of weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding. Shares of our Class B common stock do not share in our earnings or losses and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted non-GAAP earnings (loss) of Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been presented.

Diluted non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock adjusts the basic non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share for the potential dilutive impact of shares of Class A common stock such as equity awards using the treasury-stock method and Class B common stock using the if-converted method. Diluted non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock considers the impact of potentially dilutive securities except in periods in which there is a loss because the inclusion of the potential common shares would have an anti-dilutive effect. Shares of our Class B common stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs") and nonqualified stock options ("NQSOs") are considered potentially dilutive shares of Class A common stock.

These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or in isolation from, the Company’s financial information calculated in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered measures of the Company’s liquidity. Further, these non-GAAP financial measures as defined by the Company may not be comparable to similar non-GAAP financial measures presented by other companies, including peer companies, and therefore comparability may be limited. The presentation of such measures, which may include adjustments to exclude unusual or non-recurring items, should not be construed as an inference that the Company’s future results, cash flows or leverage will be unaffected by other unusual or non-recurring items. Management encourages investors and others to review Viant’s financial information in its entirety and not rely on a single financial measure.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The following tables show the reconciliations of the Company’s non-GAAP financial measures contained in this press release to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.

The following table presents the calculation of gross profit and the reconciliation of gross profit to contribution ex-TAC for the periods presented (unaudited; in thousands):

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Revenue

110,124

90,054

344,201

289,235

Less: Platform operations

(58,823

)

(47,564

)

(186,616

)

(157,164

)

Gross profit

51,301

42,490

157,585

132,071

Add: Other platform operations

13,259

11,869

51,067

45,319

Contribution ex-TAC

64,560

54,359

208,652

177,390

The following table presents a reconciliation of total operating expenses to non-GAAP operating expenses for the periods presented (unaudited; in thousands):

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Operating expenses:

Platform operations

58,823

47,564

186,616

157,164

Sales and marketing

18,348

14,756

64,801

53,750

Technology and development

8,229

7,062

30,534

23,740

General and administrative

12,030

14,769

50,172

51,103

Total operating expenses

97,430

84,151

332,123

285,757

Add:

Other expense, net

Less:

Traffic acquisition costs

(45,564

)

(35,695

)

(135,549

)

(111,845

)

Stock-based compensation

(6,431

)

(5,728

)

(24,840

)

(21,034

)

Depreciation and amortization

(5,012

)

(4,110

)

(18,702

)

(16,461

)

Restructuring and other (1)

(526

)

—

(526

)

(467

)

Transaction expense (2)

(49

)

(1,358

)

(716

)

(1,742

)

Non-operational media purchases (3)

—

(563

)

(1,271

)

Non-GAAP operating expenses

39,849

37,268

151,228

132,949

(1)

Restructuring and other for the three months and year ended December 31, 2025 includes severance and other charges incurred in connection with organizational restructuring initiatives and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is related to aligning our workforce with our strategic performance goals.

(2)

Transaction expense consists of costs incurred related to our contemplated and completed acquisitions for the three months and year ended December 31, 2025 and costs incurred related to our completed acquisition as well as the filing of a "shelf" registration statement on Form S-3 for the three months and year ended December 31, 2024.

(3)

Non-operational media purchases reflects costs incurred for non-operating supplier purchases that are not billable to the customer for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) to adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented (unaudited; in thousands):

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Net income

20,463

7,720

24,096

12,452

Add back (less):

Interest income, net

(1,428

)

(2,088

)

(6,099

)

(9,235

)

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

(14,062

)

263

(13,965

)

249

Depreciation and amortization

5,012

4,110

18,702

16,461

Stock-based compensation

6,431

5,728

24,840

21,034

Restructuring and other (1)

526

—

526

467

Transaction expense (2)

1,358

716

1,742

Non-operational media purchases (3)

—

563

1,271

TRA remeasurement expense (4)

10,565

—

10,890

—

Employee retention credit (5)

(2,845

)

—

(2,845

)

—

Adjusted EBITDA

24,711

17,091

57,424

44,441

(1)

(2)

(3)

Non-operational media purchases reflects costs incurred for non-operating supplier purchases that are not billable to the customer for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

(4)

TRA remeasurement expense reflects the remeasurement of the TRA liability for the three months and year ended December 31, 2025.

(5)

Employee retention credit represents proceeds from a government grant enacted under the CARES Act for the three months and year ended December 31, 2025.

The following table presents the calculation of net income (loss) as a percentage of gross profit and the calculation of adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC for the periods presented (unaudited; in thousands, except percentages):

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Gross profit

51,301

42,490

157,585

132,071

Net income

20,463

7,720

24,096

12,452

Net income as a percentage of gross profit

Contribution ex-TAC

64,560

54,359

208,652

177,390

Adjusted EBITDA

24,711

17,091

57,424

44,441

Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of contribution ex-TAC

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) to non-GAAP net income (loss) for the periods presented (unaudited; in thousands):

Three Months Ended

December 31,

Year Ended

December 31,

2025

2024

2025

2024

Net income

20,463

7,720

24,096

12,452

Add back (less):

Stock-based compensation

6,431

5,728

24,840

21,034

Restructuring and other (1)

526

—

526

467

Transaction expense (2)

1,358

716

1,742

Non-operational media purchases (3)

—

563

1,271

TRA remeasurement expense (4)

10,565

—

10,890

—

Income tax benefit resulting from the release of the valuation allowance

(14,685

)

—

(14,685

)

—

Employee retention credit (5)

(2,845

)

—

(2,845

)

—

Income tax expense (benefit) related to Viant Technology Inc.’s share of non-GAAP pre-tax income (loss) (6)

(1,519

)

(975

)

(3,005

)

(2,305

)

Non-GAAP net income

18,985

13,831

41,096

34,661

(1)

(2)

(3)

Non-operational media purchases reflects costs incurred for non-operating supplier purchases that are not billable to the customer for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

(4)

TRA remeasurement expense reflects the remeasurement of the TRA liability for the three months and year ended December 31, 2025.

(5)

Employee retention credit represents proceeds from a government grant enacted under the CARES Act for the three months and year ended December 31, 2025.

(6)

The estimated income tax effect of our share of income (loss) after non-GAAP reconciling items for the three months and years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is calculated using assumed blended tax rates of 25% and 25%, respectively, which represent our expected corporate tax rate, excluding discrete and non-recurring tax items.

The following tables present a reconciliation of earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted to non-GAAP earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic and diluted for the periods presented (unaudited; in thousands, except per share data):

Year Ended December 31, 2025

Year Ended December 31, 2024

Earnings

(Loss) per

Adjustments

Non-GAAP

Earnings (Loss)

per Share

Earnings

(Loss) per

Adjustments

Non-GAAP

Earnings (Loss)

per Share

Numerator

Net income

24,096

—

24,096

12,452

—

12,452

Adjustments:

Add back: Stock-based compensation

—

24,840

—

21,034

Add back: Restructuring and other (1)

—

526

—

467

Add back: Transaction expense (2)

—

716

—

1,742

Add back: Non-operational media purchases (3)

—

563

—

1,271

Add back: TRA remeasurement expense (4)

—

10,890

—

Less: Income tax benefit resulting from the release of the valuation allowance

—

(14,685

)

(14,685

)

—

Less: Employee retention credit (5)

—

(2,845

)

(2,845

)

—

Income tax expense (benefit) related to Viant Technology Inc.’s share of non-GAAP pre-tax income (loss) (6)

—

(3,005

)

(3,005

)

—

(2,305

)

(2,305

)

Non-GAAP net income

24,096

17,000

41,096

12,452

22,209

34,661

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (7)

15,744

17,176

32,920

10,090

17,857

27,947

Net income attributable to Viant Technology Inc.—basic

8,352

(176

)

8,176

2,362

4,352

6,714

Add back: Reallocation of net income attributable to noncontrolling interest from the assumed exchange of RSUs and NQSOs for Class A common stock

—

1,416

712

1,013

1,725

Income tax benefit (expense) from the assumed exchange of RSUs and NQSOs for Class A common stock

—

(357

)

(357

)

(177

)

(252

)

(429

)

Add back (less): Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (7)

15,744

(15,744

)

—

Net income attributable to Viant Technology Inc.—diluted

24,096

(14,861

)

9,235

2,897

5,113

8,010

Denominator

Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—basic

16,422

16,221

Effect of dilutive securities:

RSUs

1,794

2,125

NQSOs

2,328

2,120

Shares of Class B common stock

46,432

—

Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted

66,976

20,544

20,466

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic

0.51

0.50

0.15

0.41

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted

0.36

0.45

0.14

0.39

Anti-dilutive shares excluded from earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted:

RSUs

—

NQSOs

—

Shares of Class B common stock

—

45,717

46,754

Total shares excluded from earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted

—

45,717

46,754

(1)

Restructuring and other for the year ended December 31, 2025 includes severance and other charges incurred in connection with organizational restructuring initiatives and for the year ended December 31, 2024 is related to aligning our workforce with our strategic performance goals.

(2)

Transaction expense consists of costs incurred related to our contemplated and completed acquisitions for the year ended December 31, 2025 and costs incurred related to our completed acquisition as well as the filing of a "shelf" registration statement on Form S-3 for the year ended December 31, 2024.

(3)

Non-operational media purchases reflects costs incurred for non-operating supplier purchases that are not billable to the customer for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

(4)

TRA remeasurement expense reflects the remeasurement of the TRA liability for the year ended December 31, 2025.

(5)

Employee retention credit represents proceeds from a government grant enacted under the CARES Act for the year ended December 31, 2025.

(6)

The estimated income tax effect of our share of income (loss) after non-GAAP reconciling items for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is calculated using assumed blended tax rates of 25% and 25%, respectively, which represent our expected corporate tax rate, excluding discrete and non-recurring tax items.

(7)

The adjustment to net income attributable to noncontrolling interests represents stock-based compensation, restructuring and other charges, transaction expense, non-operational media purchases and employee retention credit attributed to the noncontrolling interests outstanding during the period.

Three Months Ended

December 31, 2025

Three Months Ended

December 31, 2024

Earnings

(Loss) per

Adjustments

Non-GAAP

Earnings (Loss)

per Share

Earnings

(Loss) per

Adjustments

Non-GAAP

Earnings (Loss)

per Share

Numerator

Net income

20,463

—

20,463

7,720

—

7,720

Adjustments:

Add back: Stock-based compensation

—

6,431

—

5,728

Add back: Restructuring and other (1)

—

526

—

Add back: Transaction expense (2)

—

1,358

Add back: TRA remeasurement expense (3)

—

10,565

—

Less: Income tax benefit resulting from the release of the valuation allowance

—

(14,685

)

(14,685

)

—

Less: Employee retention credit (4)

—

(2,845

)

(2,845

)

—

Income tax expense (benefit) related to Viant Technology Inc.’s share of non-GAAP pre-tax income (5)

—

(1,519

)

(1,519

)

—

(975

)

(975

)

Non-GAAP net income

20,463

(1,478

)

18,985

7,720

6,111

13,831

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (6)

12,207

2,903

15,109

5,973

5,174

11,147

Net income attributable to Viant Technology Inc.—basic

8,256

(4,381

)

3,876

1,747

937

2,684

Add back: Reallocation of net income attributable to noncontrolling interest from the assumed exchange of RSUs and NQSOs for Class A common stock

—

561

469

405

874

Income tax benefit (expense) from the assumed exchange of RSUs and NQSOs for Class A common stock

—

(142

)

(142

)

(117

)

(101

)

(218

)

Add back: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (6)

12,207

(12,207

)

—

Net income attributable to Viant Technology Inc.—diluted

20,463

(16,169

)

4,295

2,099

1,241

3,340

Denominator

Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—basic

16,919

16,166

Effect of dilutive securities:

RSUs

666

2,413

NQSOs

1,723

3,054

Shares of Class B common stock

45,748

—

Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—diluted

65,056

19,308

21,633

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—basic

0.49

0.23

0.11

0.17

Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted

0.31

0.22

0.10

0.15

Anti-dilutive shares excluded from earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted:

RSUs

—

NQSOs

—

Shares of Class B common stock

—

45,717

46,754

Total shares excluded from earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock—diluted

—

45,717

46,754

(1)

Restructuring and other for the three months ended December 31, 2025 includes severance and other charges incurred in connection with organizational restructuring initiatives.

(2)

Transaction expense consists of costs incurred related to our contemplated acquisitions for the three months ended December 31, 2025 and costs incurred related to our completed acquisition as well as filing of a "shelf" registration statement on Form S-3 for the three months ended December 31, 2024.

(3)

TRA remeasurement expense reflects the remeasurement of the TRA liability for the three months ended December 31, 2025.

(4)

Employee retention credit represents proceeds from a government grant enacted under the CARES Act for the three months ended December 31, 2025.

(5)

The estimated income tax effect of our share of income after non-GAAP reconciling items for the three months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is calculated using assumed blended tax rates of 25% and 25%, respectively, which represent our expected corporate tax rate, excluding discrete and non-recurring tax items.

(6)

The adjustment to net income attributable to noncontrolling interests represents stock-based compensation, restructuring and other charges, transaction expense and employee retention credit attributed to the noncontrolling interests outstanding during the period.