Form 8-K

8-K — Arcosa, Inc.

Accession: 0001140361-26-040596

Filed: 2026-10-23

Period: 2026-10-23

CIK: 0001739445

SIC: 3440 (FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS)

Item: Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement

Item: Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets

Item: Notice of Delisting or Failure to Satisfy a Continued Listing Rule or Standard; Transfer of Listing

Item: Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders

Item: Changes in Control of Registrant

Item: Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers

Item: Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year

Item: Financial Statements and Exhibits

Documents

8-K — ef20084131_8k.htm (Primary)

EX-3.1 — EXHIBIT 3.1 (ef20084131_ex3-1.htm)

EX-3.2 — EXHIBIT 3.2 (ef20084131_ex3-2.htm)

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XML — IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT (R1.htm)

8-K

8-K (Primary)

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported):

October 23, 2026

Arcosa, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

1-38494

82-5339416

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)

(Commission File Number)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

500 N. Akard Street, Suite 400

Dallas, Texas

75201

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (972) 942-6500

Not Applicable

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the

following provisions:

☐

Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐

Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock ($0.01 par value)

ACA

New York Stock Exchange

Common Stock ($0.01 par value)

ACA

NYSE Texas, Inc.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this

chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any

new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Introduction

As previously disclosed, on June 21, 2026, Arcosa, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”)

with CRH Americas, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), and Neon Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”). On October 23,

2026 (the “Closing Date”), Merger Sub merged with and into the Company (the “Merger”), with the Company surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent. Parent is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of CRH plc, a public limited company

incorporated under the laws of Ireland (“CRH”).

The Company’s stockholders approved a proposal to adopt and approve the Merger Agreement at a special meeting held on September 4, 2026.

The foregoing description of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, and the other descriptions thereof set forth in this Current Report on Form

8-K, do not purport to be complete, and are subject to and qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the Merger Agreement, which is incorporated by reference as Exhibit 2.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Item 1.02

Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement.

In connection with the Merger, on the Closing Date, the Company terminated its Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of August 23, 2023, among the

Company, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provided for a $700 million senior secured revolving credit facility and a senior secured term

loan facility in the original principal amount of $700 million. The Company repaid all outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement, consisting of approximately $450.1 million in principal, accrued interest and other amounts due, and all

obligations under the Credit Agreement were terminated. The related guarantees and liens were released, subject to customary surviving obligations. The Company did not incur any material early termination fees or penalties in connection with the

termination of the Credit Agreement.

Item 2.01

Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.

The information in the Introduction of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 2.01.

At the effective time of the Merger (the “Effective Time”), subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, each share of Company common stock, par value

$0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than (i) Company Restricted Stock Awards (as defined below), (ii) shares owned or held in treasury by the Company or owned by Parent or

Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time, and (iii) shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than such shares referenced in clauses (i) and (ii)) that were held by a holder who did not vote in favor of

the adoption of the Merger Agreement (or consent thereto in writing) and has properly exercised appraisal rights in respect of such shares in accordance with Section 262 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware) was converted into

the right to receive $150.00 in cash, without interest, less any applicable withholding taxes (the “Merger Consideration”), and all such shares of Common Stock ceased to be

outstanding, were automatically cancelled and ceased to exist.

At the Effective Time, subject to the terms and

conditions of the Merger Agreement, each restricted stock unit award covering shares of Common Stock (each, a “Company RSU Award”) and each share of restricted Common Stock

(each, a “Company Restricted Stock Award” and, together with Company RSU Awards, the “Company Equity Awards”), in each case that was granted prior to June 21, 2026 and was outstanding and unvested immediately prior to the Effective Time, became

vested and was converted into the right to receive an amount in cash, less any applicable tax withholding, equal to (i) the number of shares of Common Stock subject to such Company Equity Award, multiplied by (ii) the $150.00 per share Merger

Consideration, plus the amount of any accrued but unpaid dividend equivalents with respect to such Company Equity Award. The number of shares of Common Stock subject to performance-based Company RSU Awards was determined with performance levels

deemed achieved at the greater of (x) 100% of the target level of all performance measures and (y) the actual level of performance achieved prior to the Effective Time, as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) (or an

appropriate committee thereof).

The aggregate cash consideration paid in respect of the Common Stock and cash-settled Company Equity Awards was approximately $7.5 billion.

Item 3.01

Notice of Delisting or Failure to Satisfy a Continued Listing Rule or Standard; Transfer of Listing.

The information set forth in the Introduction of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 3.01.

In connection with the consummation of the Merger, the Company notified the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) and the NYSE Texas, Inc. (the “NYSE

Texas”) that the Merger had been completed and requested that the NYSE and the NYSE Texas suspend trading of the Common Stock prior to the opening of trading on October 23, 2026, and that the

Common Stock be removed from listing on both the NYSE and the NYSE Texas. The Company also requested that the NYSE and the NYSE Texas each file a notification of removal from listing and registration on Form 25 with the Securities and Exchange

Commission (the “SEC”) to effect the delisting of all shares of the Common Stock from the NYSE and the NYSE Texas and the deregistration of the Common Stock under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange

Act”). Trading of the Common Stock on the NYSE and the NYSE Texas was halted prior to the opening of trading on the Closing Date.

Following the effectiveness of the delisting of the Common Stock from the NYSE and the NYSE Texas, the Company intends to file a certification and

notice of termination of registration on Form 15 with the SEC requesting the termination of registration of all shares of the Common Stock under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act and the suspension of reporting obligations under Sections 13 and

15(d) of the Exchange Act with respect to all shares of the Common Stock.

Item 3.03

Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.

The information set forth in the Introduction and Item 2.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 3.03.

Item 5.01

Changes in Control of Registrant.

The information in the Introduction and Items 2.01, 5.02 and 5.03 of this Current Report on Form 8-K are incorporated by reference into this Item 5.01.

Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time, the Company became a

wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent and, accordingly, a change in control of the Company occurred. Parent obtained the funds to pay the Merger Consideration through the proceeds of the loans under a $3.25 billion bridge facility agreement and a $2.5

billion term loan facility each entered into with J.P. Morgan SE as agent and certain lenders, together with cash on hand.

Item 5.02

Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.

As of the Effective Time, in accordance with the Merger Agreement, each member of the Board as of immediately prior to the Effective Time resigned and

ceased to be a director of the Company, and in connection with the Merger, each of the officers of the Company as of immediately prior to the Effective Time ceased to serve in his or her capacity as an officer of the Company. Each departure was in

connection with the completion of the Merger and was not related to any disagreement with the Company on any matter related to the Company’s operations, policies or practices.

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time, the directors and officers of Merger Sub became the directors and officers of the Company.

Item 5.03

Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.

On the Closing Date, the Company filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware the certificate of merger relating to the Merger. At the

Effective Time, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the certificate of incorporation and the bylaws of Merger Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time became the second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and

restated bylaws, respectively, of the Company, with the Company retaining “Arcosa, Inc.” as its name. Copies of the Company’s second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws are attached as Exhibits 3.1 and

3.2, respectively, to this Current Report on Form 8-K and are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 9.01

Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits.

Exhibit No.

Description

2.1*

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 21, 2026, among Arcosa, Inc., CRH Americas, Inc. and Neon Merger Sub, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the

Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 22, 2026).

3.1

Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Arcosa, Inc.

3.2

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Arcosa, Inc.

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

*Schedules and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) and Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. The Company agrees to furnish supplemental

copies of any of the omitted schedules and exhibits upon request by the SEC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the

undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Arcosa, Inc.

(Registrant)

October 23, 2026

By:

/s/ David Toolan

Name: David Toolan

Title: Treasurer

EX-3.1 — EXHIBIT 3.1

EX-3.1

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Exhibit 3.1

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

ARCOSA, INC.

ARTICLE ONE

The name of the corporation is Arcosa, Inc. (hereinafter called the “Corporation”).

ARTICLE TWO

The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware 19808. The name of its registered agent at such

address is Corporation Service Company.

ARTICLE THREE

The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”).

ARTICLE FOUR

The total number of shares which the Corporation shall have the authority to issue is one hundred (100) shares, all of which shall be shares of Common Stock, with a par value of $0.01 per share.

ARTICLE FIVE

The board of directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) shall have the power to adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws of the Corporation (the “Bylaws”), except as may

otherwise be provided in the Bylaws.

ARTICLE SIX

The Corporation expressly elects not to be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL.

ARTICLE SEVEN

No director of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or any of its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent such

exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL as the same exists or may hereafter be amended. If the DGCL is amended hereafter to authorize the further elimination or limitation of the liability of directors,

then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL, as so amended. Any repeal or modification of this Article SEVEN shall not adversely affect any right or protection of

a director of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or modification with respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or modification.

ARTICLE EIGHT

Section 1. The Corporation shall indemnify its directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by law, as now or

hereafter in effect, and such right to indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and personal and legal

representatives; provided, however, that, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification, the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his or her heirs, executors or personal or legal

representatives) in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors. The right to indemnification conferred by this

Article EIGHT shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending or otherwise participating in any proceeding in advance of its final disposition upon receipt by the Corporation of an undertaking by or on

behalf of the director or officer receiving advancement to repay the amount advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation under this Article EIGHT.

Section 2. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and

to the advancement of expenses to employees and agents of the Corporation similar to those conferred in this Article EIGHT to directors and officers of the Corporation.

Section 3. The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses conferred in this Article EIGHT shall not be exclusive of any

other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under this Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any statute, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

Section 4. Any repeal or modification of this Article EIGHT shall not adversely affect any rights to indemnification and to the advancement

of expenses of a director or officer of the Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or modification with respect to any acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or modification.

ARTICLE NINE

The Corporation reserves the right to amend or repeal any provisions contained in this Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation from time to time and at any time in the manner now

or hereafter prescribed by the laws of the State of Delaware, and all rights conferred upon stockholders and directors are granted subject to such reservation.

EX-3.2 — EXHIBIT 3.2

EX-3.2

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Exhibit 3.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

NEON MERGER SUB, INC.

(a Delaware corporation)

(Adopted as of October 23, 2026)

ARTICLE I

OFFICES

SECTION 1. Registered Office. The registered office of the corporation in the State of Delaware shall be located at 251 Little Falls Drive,

Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware 19808. The name of the corporation’s registered agent at such address shall be Corporation Service Company. The registered office and/or registered agent of Neon Merger Sub, Inc. (the “Corporation”) may

be changed from time to time by action of the board of directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”).

SECTION 2. Other Offices. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the board of directors may from time to time

determine or the business of the corporation may require.

ARTICLE II

Stockholders

SECTION 1. Annual Meetings. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting

may be held each year at such date and time, within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors shall determine.

SECTION 2. Special Meetings. Special meetings of stockholders for the transaction of such business as may properly come before the meeting may be called by order of the Board of

Directors or by stockholders holding together at least a majority of all the shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, and shall be held at such date and time, within or without the State of Delaware, as may be specified by such

order. Whenever the directors shall fail to fix such place, the meeting shall be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation.

SECTION 3. Notice of Meetings. Written notice of all meetings of the stockholders, stating the place (if any), date and hour of the meeting, the place within the city or other

municipality or community at which the list of stockholders may be examined, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, shall be mailed or

delivered to each stockholder not less than one (1) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the meeting. Notice of any special meeting shall state in general terms the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is to be held.

SECTION 4. Stockholder Lists. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least five (5) days before every meeting of

stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be

open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place

where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.

The stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger, the list required by this section or the books of the Corporation, or to vote in

person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.

SECTION 5. Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law or the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 18, 2026

(the “Certificate of Incorporation”), a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of stockholders shall consist of the holders of record of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Corporation

entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or by proxy. At all meetings of the stockholders at which a quorum is present, all matters, except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, shall be decided by the vote of

the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote thereat present in person or by proxy. If there be no such quorum, the holders of a majority of such shares so present or represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without further

notice, until a quorum shall have been obtained. When a quorum is once present it is not broken by the subsequent withdrawal of any stockholder.

SECTION 6. Organization. Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairman, if any, or if none or in the Chairman’s absence, the Chief Executive Officer, if any, or

if none or in the Chief Executive Officer’s absence a President, or, if none of the foregoing is present, by a chairman to be chosen by the stockholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at the meeting. The Secretary of the

Corporation, or in the Secretary’s absence an Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary of every meeting, but if neither the Secretary nor an Assistant Secretary is present, the presiding officer of the meeting shall appoint any person present to

act as secretary of the meeting.

SECTION 7. Voting; Proxies; Required Vote.

(a) At each meeting of stockholders, every stockholder shall be entitled to vote in person or by proxy appointed by instrument in writing, subscribed by such stockholder or by such

stockholder’s duly authorized attorney-in-fact (but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period), and, unless the Certificate of Incorporation provides otherwise, shall

have one (1) vote for each share of stock entitled to vote registered in the name of such stockholder on the books of the Corporation on the applicable record date fixed pursuant to these Amended and Restated Bylaws. At all elections of directors the

voting may but need not be by ballot and a plurality of the votes cast there shall elect. Except as otherwise required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, any other action shall be authorized by the vote of the majority of the shares present

in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter.

(b) Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of stockholders may, except as otherwise required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, be taken without a meeting,

without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of record of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Corporation having not less than a minimum number of

votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted, and the writing or writings are filed with the permanent records of the Corporation. Prompt notice of the

taking of corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.

SECTION 8. Inspectors. The Board of Directors, in advance of any meeting, may, but need not, appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meeting or any adjournment

thereof. If an inspector or inspectors are not so appointed, the person presiding at the meeting may, but need not, appoint one or more inspectors. In case any person who may be appointed as an inspector fails to appear or act, the vacancy may be

filled by appointment made by the directors in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the person presiding thereat. Each inspector, if any, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to

execute the duties of inspector at such meeting with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability. The inspectors, if any, shall determine the number of shares of stock outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares of stock

represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, and the validity and effect of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and

tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, determine the result, and do such acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders. On request of the person presiding at the meeting, the inspector or inspectors, if any,

shall make a report in writing of any challenge, question or matter determined by such inspector or inspectors and execute a certificate of any fact found by such inspector or inspectors.

ARTICLE III

Board of Directors

SECTION 1. General Powers. The business, property and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by, or under the direction of, the Board of Directors.

SECTION 2. Qualification; Number; Term; Remuneration.

(a) Each director shall be at least eighteen (18) years of age. A director need not be a stockholder, a citizen of the United States, or a resident of the State of Delaware. The number of

directors constituting the entire Board of Directors shall be two (2), or such other number as may be fixed from time to time by action of the Board of Directors, one of whom may be selected by the Board of Directors to be its Chairman. The use of

the phrase “entire Board of Directors” herein refers to the total number of directors which the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies.

(b) Directors who are elected at an annual meeting of stockholders, and directors who are elected in the interim to fill vacancies and newly created directorships, shall hold office until

the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal.

(c) Directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors

or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for

attending committee meetings.

SECTION 3. Quorum and Manner of Voting. Except as otherwise provided by law, a majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum. A majority of the directors present, whether or

not a quorum is present, may adjourn a meeting from time to time to another time and place without notice. The vote of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.

SECTION 4. Places of Meetings. Meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any place within or without the State of Delaware, as may from time to time be fixed by resolution

of the Board of Directors, or as may be specified in the notice of meeting.

SECTION 5. Annual Meeting. Following the annual meeting of stockholders, the newly elected Board of Directors shall meet for the purpose of the election of officers and the

transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting. Such meeting may be held without notice immediately after the annual meeting of stockholders at the same place at which such stockholders’ meeting is held.

SECTION 6. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such times and places as the Board of Directors shall determine from time to time. Notice

need not be given of regular meetings of the Board of Directors held at times and places fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.

SECTION 7. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held whenever called by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, or by a

majority of the directors then in office.

SECTION 8. Notice of Meetings. A notice of the place, date and time and the purpose or purposes of each meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director not less

than twenty-four (24) hours before the day of the meeting by mail, telephone, facsimile, e-mail or by personal delivery.

SECTION 9. Meetings by Means of Conference Telephone. Members of the Board of Directors, or any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may participate in a meeting of the

Board of Directors or such committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communication equipment by means of which all person participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section

9 shall constitute presence at such meeting.

SECTION 10. Organization. At all meetings of the Board of Directors, the Chairman, if any, or if none or in the Chairman’s absence or inability to act the Chief Executive Officer,

or in Chief Executive Officer’s absence or inability to act any President who is a member of the Board of Directors, or in such President’s absence or inability to act a chairman chosen by the directors, shall preside. The Secretary of the

Corporation shall act as secretary at all meetings of the Board of Directors when present, and, in the Secretary’s absence, the presiding officer may appoint any person to act as secretary.

SECTION 11. Resignation; Removal. Any director may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation and such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the

Chief Executive Officer, President or Secretary, unless otherwise specified in the resignation. Any or all of the directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares of stock outstanding and entitled to vote

for the election of directors.

SECTION 12. Vacancies. Unless otherwise provided in these Amended and Restated Bylaws, vacancies on the Board of Directors, whether caused by resignation, death, disqualification,

removal, an increase in the authorized number of directors or otherwise, may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, or at a special meeting of the

stockholders, by the holders of shares entitled to vote for the election of directors.

SECTION 13. Action by Written Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting if all the directors consent

thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors.

ARTICLE IV

Committees

SECTION 1. Appointment. From time to time the Board of Directors by a resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board of Directors may appoint any committee or committees for

any purpose or purposes, to the extent lawful, which shall have powers as shall be determined and specified by the Board of Directors in the resolution of appointment.

SECTION 2. Procedures, Quorum and Manner of Acting. Each committee shall fix its own rules of procedure, and shall meet where and as provided by such rules or by resolution of the

Board of Directors. Except as otherwise provided by law, the presence of a majority of the then appointed members of a committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business by that committee, and in every case where a quorum is present

the affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee present shall be the act of the committee. Each committee shall keep minutes of its proceedings, and actions taken by a committee shall be reported to the Board of Directors.

SECTION 3. Action by Written Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of any committee of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting if all

the members of the committee consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the committee.

SECTION 4. Term; Termination. In the event any person shall cease to be a director of the Corporation, such person shall simultaneously therewith cease to be a member of any

committee appointed by the Board of Directors.

ARTICLE V

Officers

SECTION 1. Election and Qualifications. The Board of Directors shall elect the officers of the Corporation, which shall include a Chief Executive Officer and a Secretary, and may

include, by election or appointment, a President, Chief Financial Officer, one or more Vice Presidents (any one or more of whom may be given an additional designation of rank or function), and such Assistant Secretaries, such Assistant Treasurers and

such other officers as the Board of Directors may from time to time deem proper. Each officer shall have such powers and duties as may be prescribed by these Amended and Restated Bylaws and as may be assigned by the Board of Directors or the Chief

Executive Officer. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

SECTION 2. Term of Office and Remuneration. The term of office of all officers shall be one year and until their respective successors have been elected and qualified, but any

officer may be removed from office, either with or without cause, at any time by the Board of Directors. Any vacancy in any office arising from any cause may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by the Board of Directors. The remuneration

of all officers of the Corporation may be fixed by the Board of Directors or in such manner as the Board of Directors shall provide.

SECTION 3. Resignation; Removal. Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation and such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the Chief

Executive Officer or Secretary, unless otherwise specified in the resignation. Any officer shall be subject to removal, with or without cause, at any time by vote of a majority of the entire Board of Directors.

SECTION 4. Chairman of the Board. The Chairman of the Board of Directors, if there be one, shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and shall have such other powers

and duties as may from time to time be assigned by the Board of Directors.

SECTION 5. Chief Executive Officer. In the absence of the Chairman of the Board of Directors or if a Chairman of the Board of Directors shall have not been elected, the Chief Executive

Officer shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and Board of Directors at which he or she is present; subject to the powers of the Board of Directors, shall have general charge of the business, affairs and property of the corporation, and

control over its officers, agents and employees; and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect. The Chief Executive Officer shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be

prescribed by the Board of Directors or as may be provided in these Amended and Restated Bylaws.

SECTION 6. President. The President shall, in the absence or disability of the Chief Executive Officer, act with all of the powers and be subject to all of the restrictions of the

Chief Executive Officer The President shall have such duties as customarily pertain to that office and shall have such other powers and duties as may from time to time be assigned by the Board of Directors.

SECTION 7. Vice President. A Vice President may execute and deliver in the name of the Corporation contracts and other obligations and instruments pertaining to the regular course

of the duties of said office, and shall have such other authority as from time to time may be assigned by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.

SECTION 8. Chief Financial Officer. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the Chief Financial Officer will keep accurate financial records of the Corporation;

deposit all money, drafts and checks in the name of and to the credit of the corporation in the banks and depositories designated by the Board of Directors; endorse for deposit all notes, checks and drafts received by the corporation as ordered by

the Board of Directors, making proper vouchers therefor; and disburse corporate funds and issue checks and drafts in the name of the corporation, as ordered by the Board of Directors. The Chief Financial Officer will perform such other duties and

have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe.

SECTION 9. Secretary. The Secretary shall in general have all the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as may be assigned by the Board of Directors or

the Chief Executive Officer.

SECTION 10. Assistant Officers. Any assistant officer shall have such powers and duties of the officer such assistant officer assists as such officer or the Board of Directors

shall from time to time prescribe.

ARTICLE VI

Books and Records

SECTION 1. Location. The books and records of the Corporation may be kept at such place or places within or outside the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors or the

respective officers in charge thereof may from time to time determine. The record books containing the names and addresses of all stockholders, the number and class of shares of stock held by each and the dates when they respectively became the

owners of record thereof shall be kept by the Secretary as prescribed in the Amended and Restated Bylaws and by such officer or agent as shall be designated by the Board of Directors.

SECTION 2. Addresses of Stockholders. Notices of meetings and all other corporate notices may be delivered personally or mailed to each stockholder at the stockholder’s address as

it appears on the records of the Corporation.

SECTION 3. Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record.

(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a

record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than one (1) day before the date of such

meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which

notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to

any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which

record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and if no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to

consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the

Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery

made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by this

article, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

(c) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to

exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing

the record date is adopted and if no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

ARTICLE VII

Certificates Representing Stock

SECTION 1. Certificates; Signatures. The shares of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates or all of such shares shall be uncertificated shares that may be evidenced

by a book entry system maintained by the Corporation, or a combination of both. If shares are represented by certificates, such certificates shall be in the form approved by the Board of Directors. The certificates representing shares shall be signed

by or in the name of the Corporation by any two officers of the Corporation, representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any and all signatures on any such certificate may be facsimiles. In case any officer, transfer agent or

registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as

if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. The name of the holder of record of the shares represented thereby, with the number of such shares and the date of issue, shall be entered on the books of the Corporation.

The Board of Directors shall have power and authority to make all such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificates representing

shares of the Corporation.

SECTION 2. Transfers of Stock. Upon compliance with provisions restricting the transfer or registration of transfer of shares of stock, if any, shares of capital stock shall be

transferable on the books of the Corporation only by the holder of record thereof in person, or by duly authorized attorney, upon surrender and cancellation of certificates for a like number of shares, properly endorsed, and the payment of all taxes

due thereon.

SECTION 3. Fractional Shares. The Corporation may, but shall not be required to, issue certificates for fractions of a share where necessary to effect authorized transactions, or

the Corporation may pay in cash the fair value of fractions of a share as of the time when those entitled to receive such fractions are determined, or it may issue scrip in registered or bearer form over the manual or facsimile signature of an

officer of the Corporation or of its agent, exchangeable as therein provided for full shares, but such scrip shall not entitle the holder to any rights of a stockholder except as therein provided.

SECTION 4. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock in place of any certificate, theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been

lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Board of Directors may require the owner of any lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may

be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of any such new certificate.

ARTICLE VIII

Dividends

Subject always to the provisions of law and the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors shall have full power to determine whether any, and, if any, what part of any, funds legally

available for the payment of dividends shall be declared as dividends and paid to stockholders; the division of the whole or any part of such funds of the Corporation shall rest wholly within the lawful discretion of the Board of Directors, and it

shall not be required at any time, against such discretion, to divide or pay any part of such funds among or to the stockholders as dividends or otherwise; and before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation

available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its absolute discretion, deems proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property

of the Corporation, or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall think conducive to the interest of the Corporation, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.

ARTICLE IX

Ratification

Any transaction, questioned in any law suit on the ground of lack of authority, defective or irregular execution, adverse interest of director, officer or stockholder, non-disclosure, miscomputation,

or the application of improper principles or practices of accounting, may be ratified before or after judgment, by the Board of Directors or by the stockholders, and if so ratified shall have the same force and effect as if the questioned transaction

had been originally duly authorized. Such ratification shall be binding upon the Corporation and its stockholders and shall constitute a bar to any claim or execution of any judgment in respect of such questioned transaction.

ARTICLE X

Corporate Seal

The corporation may have a corporate seal. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation and the year of its incorporation, and shall be in such form and contain such

other words and/or figures as the Board of Directors shall determine. The corporate seal may be used by printing, engraving, lithographing, stamping or otherwise making, placing or affixing, or causing to be printed, engraved, lithographed, stamped

or otherwise made, placed or affixed, upon any paper or document, by any process whatsoever, an impression, facsimile or other reproduction of said corporate seal.

ARTICLE XI

Fiscal Year

The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed, and shall be subject to change, by the Board of Directors. Unless otherwise fixed by the Board of Directors, the fiscal year of the Corporation

shall end on December 31.

ARTICLE XII

Waiver of Notice

Whenever notice is required to be given by these Amended and Restated Bylaws or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by law, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person or persons entitled to

said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.

ARTICLE XIII

Bank Accounts, Drafts, Contracts, Etc.

SECTION 1. Bank Accounts and Drafts. In addition to such bank accounts as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, the primary financial officer or any person designated by

said primary financial officer, whether or not an employee of the Corporation, may authorize such bank accounts to be opened or maintained in the name and on behalf of the Corporation as he may deem necessary or appropriate, payments from such bank

accounts to be made upon and according to the check of the Corporation in accordance with the written instructions of said primary financial officer, or other person so designated by the Chief Financial Officer.

SECTION 2. Contracts. The Board of Directors may authorize any person or persons, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to enter into or execute and deliver any and all

deeds, bonds, mortgages, contracts and other obligations or instruments, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

SECTION 3. Proxies; Powers of Attorney; Other Instruments. The Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer or any other person designated by either of them shall have the power and authority

to execute and deliver proxies, powers of attorney and other instruments on behalf of the Corporation in connection with the rights and powers incident to the ownership of stock by the Corporation. The Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer or any

other person authorized by proxy or power of attorney executed and delivered by either of them on behalf of the Corporation may attend and vote at any meeting of stockholders of any company in which the Corporation may hold stock, and may exercise on

behalf of the Corporation any and all of the rights and powers incident to the ownership of such stock at any such meeting, or otherwise as specified in the proxy or power of attorney so authorizing any such person. The Board of Directors, from time

to time, may confer like powers upon any other person.

SECTION 4. Financial Reports. The Board of Directors may appoint the primary financial officer or other fiscal officer and/or the Secretary or any other officer to cause to be

prepared and furnished to stockholders entitled thereto any special financial notice and/or financial statement, as the case may be, which may be required by any provision of law.

ARTICLE XIV

Indemnification

SECTION 1. Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 14.3 of this Article XIV, the

Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or

in the right of the Corporation), by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer,

employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in

connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or

proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of

itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had

reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.

SECTION 2. Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 14.3 of this Article XIV, the Corporation shall

indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is

or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or

other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person

reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the

Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the

circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.

SECTION 3. Authorization of Indemnification. Any indemnification under this Article XIV (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the

specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the present or former director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 14.1 or Section 14.2

of this Article XIV, as the case may be. Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (i) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action,

suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by

independent legal counsel in a written opinion or (iv) by the stockholders. Such determination shall be made, with respect to former directors and officers, by any person or persons having the authority to act on the matter on behalf of the

Corporation. To the extent, however, that a present or former director or officer of the Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described above, or in defense of any claim, issue or

matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith, without the necessity of authorization in the specific case.

SECTION 4. Good Faith Defined. For purposes of any determination under Section 14.3 of this Article XIV, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a

manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful, if such

person’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Corporation or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Corporation or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice

of legal counsel for the Corporation or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Corporation or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with

reasonable care by the Corporation or another enterprise. The provisions of this Section 14.4 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of

conduct set forth in Section 14.1 or Section 14.2 of this Article XIV, as the case may be.

SECTION 5. Indemnification by a Court. Notwithstanding any contrary determination in the specific case under Section 14.3 of this Article XIV, and notwithstanding

the absence of any determination thereunder, any director or officer may apply to the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or any other court of competent jurisdiction in the State of Delaware for indemnification to the extent otherwise

permissible under Section 14.1 or Section 14.2 of this Article XIV. The basis of such indemnification by a court shall be a determination by such court that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the

circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 14.1 or Section 14.2 of this Article XIV, as the case may be. Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under Section

14.3 of this Article XIV nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the director or officer seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of conduct.

Notice of any application for indemnification pursuant to this Section 14.5 shall be given to the Corporation promptly upon the filing of such application. If successful, in whole or in part, the director or officer seeking indemnification

shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such application.

SECTION 6. Expenses Payable in Advance. Expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by a director or officer in defending any civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action,

suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be

determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article XIV. Such expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by former directors and officers or other employees and agents may be so

paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the Corporation deems appropriate.

SECTION 7. Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article XIV

shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the Certificate of Incorporation, these Amended and Restated Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or

disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, it being the policy of the Corporation that indemnification of the persons specified in Section

14.1 or Section 14.2 of this Article XIV shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law. The provisions of this Article XIV shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any person who is not specified in

Section 14.1 or Section 14.2 of this Article XIV but whom the Corporation has the power or obligation to indemnify under the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or otherwise.

SECTION 8. Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or

officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and

incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article

XIV.

SECTION 9. Certain Definitions. For purposes of this Article XIV, references to “the Corporation” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent

corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors or officers, so that any person who is or was

a director or officer of such constituent corporation, or is or was a director or officer of such constituent corporation serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation,

partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article XIV with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent

corporation if its separate existence had continued. The term “another enterprise” as used in this Article XIV shall mean any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which such

person is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent. For purposes of this Article XIV, references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee

benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the Corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director or officer with respect

to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be

deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation” as referred to in this Article XIV.

SECTION 10. Survival of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article XIV shall,

unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

SECTION 11. Limitation on Indemnification. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article XIV to the contrary, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification

(which shall be governed by Section 14.5 of this Article XIV), the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his or her heirs, executors or personal or legal representatives) or advance expenses in

connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors.

SECTION 12. Indemnification of Employees and Agents. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to

the advancement of expenses to employees and agents of the Corporation similar to those conferred in this Article XIV to directors and officers of the Corporation.

ARTICLE XV

Amendments

The Board of Directors shall have power to adopt, amend or repeal these Amended and Restated Bylaws. Bylaws adopted by the Board of Directors may be repealed or changed, and new bylaws made, by the

stockholders, and the stockholders may prescribe that any bylaw made by them shall not be altered, amended or repealed by the Board of Directors.

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- Definition

Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

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- Definition

The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection b-2

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- Definition

The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection b-2

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- Definition

Local phone number for entity.

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No definition available.

+ Details

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- Definition

Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 13e

-Subsection 4c

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- Definition

Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 14d

-Subsection 2b

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- Definition

Title of a 12(b) registered security.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection b

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- Definition

Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 12

-Subsection d1-1

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Name:

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Namespace Prefix:

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- Definition

Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Exchange Act

-Number 240

-Section 14a

-Subsection 12

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- Definition

Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

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- Definition

Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher SEC

-Name Securities Act

-Number 230

-Section 425

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